Philosophy of Science

In the study of philosophy, testimony is considered as the intentional transfer of a belief from one person to another. Generally, this transfer can be verbal, written, or signaled in some way. Testimony enables the transmission of current news, information (or misinformation), opinion and gossip throughout a community with a shared language. Also, it enables the conservation and passing on of our accumulated heritage of knowledge and belief. Issues concerning the epistemology of testimony have become increasingly discussed in contemporary philosophy, with the debate broadening out from epistemology to other fields such as philosophy of mind, action theory, and philosophy of language. Philosophical Issues About Testimony Along with vision, memory, inference, and intuition, testimony is of particular relevance as a source of individual human knowledge. As a result, the key organizational challenge for explanatory philosophical theorizing regarding testimony is obtaining an accurate expl...

We use the learning methods all the time in everyday life.  A step-by-step process in which an individual experiences permanent, lasting changes in knowledge, behaviors, or ways of processing the world can be considered as learning.  Extensive and long-lasting learning involves understanding, relating ideas and making connections between prior and new knowledge, independent and critical thinking and ability to transfer knowledge to new and different circumstances. The process of learning with understanding is facilitated when new and existing knowledge is structured around the major concepts and principles of the discipline. Also, learners use what they already know to construct new understandings. PREPARING TO LEARN Learning is a complex process, but its complexity depends on how we read, listen, see, do and feel.   It also depends a lot on preparation. One of the most important point regarding how the human brain learns is that it needs to be prepped for learning if it ...

 Why Arguments ? An argument is a statement or set of statements based on evidence which is presented to show that a decision is true before we come to the conclusion. Arguments help to justify our ideas regarding something. In order to that we have to prove them logically. Arguments help us to look at a problem clearly and with full understanding, and support us to resolve our problems in every way. In considering the arguments, the language is the most important part of it. Language is used to exchange our ideas. We can't communicate our ideas correctly, without knowing language. In arguments, we exchange our statements by using language. Without understanding of language, we can't make arguments . Practice of Justification These are two main purposes of arguments. Both these things try to give reasons in different ways. The act of justifying is the reason about why we are right, or probably right, to adopt one theory rather than another or one proposal for action rather t...

Philosophy is the logical and systematic study of fundamental questions which arise in day to day life and throughout the practice of other academic disciplines. In other words, to gain an accurate understanding of nature and the behaviour of truth. That’s why many people agree with the study of philosophy can be a practical and important task. Also, students can improve their skills such as the ability to think logically, to analyze and solve problems with confidence by using these philosophical methods.  To understand philosophy, it’s necessary to examine the five main branches of philosophy which include epistemology, logic, ethics, aesthetics and metaphysics. Each area of these divisions tends to overlaps with the others, so the integrity of these divisions cannot be rigidly maintained.  Epistemology Epistemology is the nature and origin of knowledge and truth that considers how people come to learn what they know. There are four main bases of knowledge that describes in e...